Sarah Yasmin's | Uneven Pavement

Nama seorang gadis berdarah batak ini memang sudah tak jarang mengudara di telinga warga medan khususnya di kalangan anak muda. Gadis yang “mungkin” mengganti warna rambut beberapa bulan sekali ini adalah seorang sosok yang cukup berani dan tak sungkan tampil beda. Yunita Elisabeth Pangaribuan, ia lahir 27 tahun yang lalu tepatnya di Malang, 18 Juni 1991. Ia bangga lahir di sebuah keluarga Kristen yang harmonis dan menjadi seorang anak ke-2 dari 3 bersaudara dari kedua orangtuanya. Berbuicara mengenai pendidikan, ia pun tak kalah saing dengan teman sejagatnya, di tengah tengah kesibukan dan hobby nya, ia mampu lulus tepat waktu dari sebuah universitas ternama di Sumatera Utara, yaitu Universitas Sumatera Utara, Fakultas Ekonomi jurusan Manajemen. Ia juga pernah bersekolah di sebuah sekolah favorit di Medan, yaitu SMA N 4 Medan.

Mungkin yang tersirat dipikiran kita ketika kita melihat sosok gadis yang pernah masuk di majalah Go girl inis adalah wanita yang ekstrovert selayaknya foto-foto yang ia publish di sosial medianya. Namun ternyata Yunita ini adalah seseorang yang introvert atau lebih tertutup, namun bukan berarti yunita adalah sosok yang sombong yang susah bergaul dengan banyak orang, terbukti dengan jumlah kuantitas teman Yunita yang cukup banyak. Yunita adalah orang yang sedikit pemalu jika bertemu orang baru, tapi di balik itu ia adalah anak yang asik, nyaman untuk di ajak bercengkrama, baik, lembut dan humble.

Saat ini, sosok Yunita Elisabeth mungkin dikenal sebagai fashion bloger yang cukup terkenal di kalangan anak muda, memiliki banyak followers, bahkan bisa disebut sebagai selebgram asal kota Medan, tapi jika ditelusuri di masa lampau, ternyata Yunita adalah sosok yang pernah dikucilkan oleh teman-teman seumuran nya dulu. Beliau “seperti” di jauhi oleh teman-temannya hanya karena sosoknya yang pendiam dan tertutup yang seakan akan menonjolkan sikap ketidakinginan berteman, padahal ia terbuka untuk siapa saja. Namun jiwa yang kuat dan sikap mental yang baik, ia muncul dengan keunikannya dan bertekad “Mungkin aku kalian jauhin karena sifat pendiamku, namun aku ingin menunjukkan sekalipun aku pendiam bukan berarti aku tidak memiliki apa apa, aku menunjukkan sekalipun aku pendiam dan dijauhi aku berbeda dengan kalian karena aku punya ini (jiwa fashion yang unik).”

Jiwa fashion tersebut dimulai ketika di masa SMP, ia sudah mulai suka membaca majalah, terutama majalah majalah fashion. Ia mulai memperhatikan trend-trend fashion yang ada di majalah yang sedikit kemungkinan untuk di aplikasikan pembaca, akhirnya ia mulai membeli pakaian pakaian yang serupa dengan tampilan majalah, kemudia mulai belajar mempadu-padankan pakaian pakaian tersebut. Dan ternyata hasilnya sangat baik, lucu, unik dan beda dengan orang kebanyakan. Kesukaan beliau terhadap dunia fotography membuatnya selalu mengabadikan OOTD (Outfit of the day) nya kedalam sosial media nya, yaitu instagram. Keunikannya membuat banyak orang mengenalnya, gaya pakaian “aneh” nya membuatnya di kagumi banyak orang, keberaniannya bermain main dengan fashion menjadikannya panutan berfashion banyak orang, bahkan cara berfoto nya menjadi inspirasi banyak orang. Bahkan jiwa nekat nekatnya ketika mewarnai rambut dan mengubahnya sesuai mood menjadi panutan jiwa keberanian dan percaya diri orang lain.

“Do everything you like, because sometimes it will work in your life” itulah motto hidup seorang gadis yang saat ini bekerja sebagai seorang fotographer Snapd.id dan editor di sebuah perusahaan kreatif yaitu sheers ini, lulusan manajemen memang, namun kecintaan nya kepada dunia fashion dan photography membawanya menjadikan landasan dalam mengemban pekerjaan nya saat ini. Dulu saat masuk ke jurusan manajemen, ia tidak memiliki landasan apa-apa selain ikut-ikut teman, namun seiring berjalannya waktu, ia belajar bahwa mengerjakan passion akan membuat kita lebih baik dibanding ikut-ikutan teman. Kecintaannya melakukan passion nya membawanya kepada banyak tawaran pekerjaan, beliau sering di minta untuk memfoto selebgram-selebgram, foto endorsement, pernikahaan, pembuatan iklan seperti iklan Linardi Chicken, iklan bold store, iklan parfum Florean,dll, ada juga foto produk online shop, dan banyak lagi.

Tidak hanya pengalaman kerja, ia juga memiliki segudang prestasi, beberapa diantaranya:

· 10 besar finalis Fimela Goes to New York 2011

· Juara favorite blogger competition Matahari Fashion Award 2013

· Juara lomba fashion #jeLAZgayague Lazada 2016 yang berangkat ke Korea

Kakak yang cukup cerewet menurut keluarganya ini, ternyata sudah memiliki seorang pacar yang usia hubungannya sudah 8 tahun. William adalah panggilan sehari hari dari pacar Yunita. Gaya dan aktivitas pacaran Yunita pun menjadi inspirasi bagi banyak anak muda. Gaya pacaran mereka bukanlah selalu jalan menghabiskan banyak uang, namun mereka sering mengambil project bersama, sehingga menjadikan gaya pacaran mereka pacaran yang produktif, hebatnya mereka memiliki kesukaan yang sama di bidang photography, karena William sendiri adalah seorang videographer dan photographer. Selain itu, Yunita juga dikenal sebagai sosok yang cukup aktif di gereja bersama William.

Wanita yang sudah biasa menjadi pembicara di berbagai acara ini megajarkan banyak orang bahwa bergaya itu tidak harus meraup seluruh isi kantong kita. Beliau mampu menjadi seorang fashion blogger dengan segala item yang ia miliki dari berbagai sumber yang memberikan harga yang sangat terjangkau, tak selalu harus di Mall, ia memiliki banyak cara untuk memiliki item unik untuk fashion nya.

Seorang pengagum Diana Rikasan ini memiliki Jiwa inovasi yang kuat di dalam dirinya yang membuatnya memiliki cita-cita lain yaitu ia ingin memiliki sebuah clothing line dan memproduksi film bersama William. Ketenaran dan pekerjaan saat ini tak membuatnya ingin berhenti menginspirasi banyak orang. Yunita elisabet mengajarkan banyak orang bahwa dengan menjadi berbeda bukan membuat kita kelihatan aneh, melainkan membuat kita menjadi lebih keren dan hebat di banding orang lain.

The new world order is sweeping away many national corporations, national industries, and national economies controlled by domestic politicians. Many localized firms will be replaced by fast-moving networked corporations that transcend national boundaries. The growth of international trade has radically altered domestic economies around the globe. Now, the production and design of many electronic products are parceled out to a number of different countries.

An international information systems architecture consists of the basic information systems required by organizations to coordinate worldwide trade and other activities. A business driver is a force in the environment to which businesses must respond and that influences the direction of the business.

The global business drivers can be divided into two groups: general cultural factors and specific business factors. The development of global communications has created a global village in a second sense: A global culture created by television, the Internet, and other globally shared media such as movies now permits different cultures and peoples to develop common expectations about right and wrong, desirable and undesirable, heroic and cowardly.

The growth of inexpensive international communication and transportation has created a world culture with stable expectations or norms. Political stability and a growing global knowledge base that is widely shared also contribute to the world culture. These general factors create the conditions for global markets, global production, coordination, distribution, and global economies of scale.

There are four basic international strategies: domestic exporter, multinational, franchiser, and transnational. In a transnational strategy, all factors of production are coordinated on a global scale. However, the choice of strategy is a function of the type of business and product.

- Domestic exporter : characterized by heavy centralization of corporate activities in the home country of origin.

- Multinational : concentrates financial management and con- trol out of a central home base while decentralizing production, sales, and marketing operations to units in other countries.

- Franchiser : an interesting mix of old and new.

- Transnational : nearly all the value-adding activities are managed from a global perspective without reference to national borders, optimizing sources of supply and demand wherever they appear, and taking advantage of any local competitive advantages.

There is a connection between firm strategy and information systems design. Transnational firms must develop networked system configurations and permit considerable decentralization of development and operations. Franchisers almost always duplicate systems across many countries and use centralized financial controls. Multinationals typically rely on decentralized independence among foreign units with some movement toward development of networks. Domestic exporters typically are centralized in domestic headquarters with some decentralized operations permitted.

Global information systems pose challenges because cultural, political, and language diversity magnifies differences in organizational culture and business processes and encourages proliferation of disparate local information systems that are difficult to integrate. Typically, international systems have evolved without a conscious plan. The remedy is to define a small subset of core business processes and focus on building systems to support these processes. Tactically, managers will have to coopt widely dispersed foreign units to participate in the development and operation of these systems, being careful to maintain overall control.

Implementing a global system requires an implementation strategy that considers both business design and technology platforms. The main hardware and telecommunications issues are systems integration and connectivity. Global networks are extremely difficult to build and operate. Firms can build their own global networks or they can create global networks based on the Internet (intranets or virtual private networks). The main software issues concern building interfaces to existing systems and selecting applications that can work with multiple cultural, language, and organizational frameworks.

There is a very high failure rate among information systems projects. In nearly every organization, information systems projects take much more time and money to implement than originally anticipated or the completed system does not work properly. The development of a new system must be carefully managed and orchestrated, and the way a project is executed is likely to be the most important factor influencing its outcome. That’s why it’s essential to have some knowledge about managing information systems projects and the reasons why they succeed or fail.

A project is a planned series of related activities for achieving a specific business objective. Information systems projects include the development of new information systems, enhancement of existing systems, or upgrade or replacement of the firm’s information technology (IT) infrastructure. Project management refers to the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to achieve specific targets within specified budget and time constraints. Project management activities include planning the work, assessing risk, estimating resources required to accomplish the work, organizing the work, acquiring human and material resources, assigning tasks, etc.

As in other areas of business, project management for information systems must deal with five major variables: scope, time, cost, quality, and risk.

Scope : defines what work is or is not included in a project.

- Time : the amount of time required to complete the project.

- Cost : based on the time to complete a project multiplied by the cost of human resources required to complete the project.

- Quality : an indicator of how well the end result of a project satisfies the objectives specified by management.

- Risk : potential problems that would threaten the success of a project.

Management Control of System Projects : Each level of management in the hierarchy is responsible for specific aspects of systems project and this structure helps give priority to the most important systems projects for the organizations.

Organizations need to develop an information systems plan that supports their overall business plan and in which strategic systems are incorporated into top-level planning. The plan contains a statement of corporate goals and specifies how informa- tion technology will support the attainment of those goals.

To develop an effective information systems plan, the organization must have a clear understanding of both its long- and short-term information requirements. The strategic analysis, or critical success factors, approach argues that an organization’s information requirements are determined by a small number of critical success factors (CSFs) of managers.

Once strategic analyses have determined the overall direction of systems devel- opment, portfolio analysis can be used to evaluate alternative system projects. Portfolio analysis inventories all of the organization’s information systems projects and assets, including infrastructure, outsourcing contracts, and licenses.

A scoring model is useful for selecting projects where many criteria must be considered. It assigns weights to various features of a system and then calculates the weighted totals

Tangible benefits can be quantified and assigned a monetary value. Intangible benefits, such as more efficient customer service or enhanced decision making, cannot be immediately quantified but may lead to quantifi- able gains in the long run. Transaction and clerical systems that displace labor and save space always produce more measurable, tangible benefits than management information systems, decision-support systems, and computer- supported collaborative work systems.

Capital budgeting models are one of several techniques used to measure the value of investing in long-term capital investment projects. Capital budgeting methods rely on measures of cash flows into and out of the firm; capital projects generate those cash flows.

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